淘金船有哪几大系统组成，原理是什么？
随着近几年金价的飙升，淘金热再度兴起，淘金船等淘金设备的热销，促进了技术的进步，淘金净选率从原先的30%左右，一下提高到90%以上，极大的增加了投入产出比。先进的设备、极高的效益，又更进一步刺激了淘金热，成为投资的热门。淘金设备形式众多，各有千秋，一般来说，在水流的冲刷作用下，河流中河沙金的含量比旱地上河沙中的含量高，现将复杂的淘金设备----淘金船的原理和操作规程简介如下： 设备组成：
顾名思义，淘金船就是把淘金系统移动到了船上，增加了河沙挖掘系统，在水面上组成了移动的综合河沙选矿厂。本淘金设备由浮体、挖掘系统、筛分系统、淘金系统、尾砂排出系统、动力系统、供水系统等组成。 设备淘金船原理：
首先，挖掘系统将河沙从水下的河床上挖出水面，然后进入筛分系统进行筛分，大于10mm的石子进入尾矿槽，由尾砂排出系统排到远离淘金船的地方，以保证淘金船不被淤积，能连续工作。小于10mm的物料从导流槽进入淘金系统进行金沙分离，依据沙和金比重的差别，比重大的金沉降于矿浆底部，比重小的沙子等物料浮于矿浆上层随水流排到尾砂排出系统。
1.浮体。浮体一般做成分体形式，两个边浮箱，中间间隔一定距离，既增加了淘金船的稳定性，又便于设备的拆装运输。浮体的长度是根据挖沙的深度设计的，挖沙深度越大，浮体越长。浮体的宽度设计是根据设备的工作重量，一般来说，工作量越大，浮体越宽。
2.挖掘系统。淘金船的挖掘系统有挖沙斗和链条组成的链斗挖掘式、射吸管和抽砂泵组成的射吸式、绞刀和抽砂泵组成的绞吸式等多种挖掘形式，根据多年的安装经验，由于沙金的比重很大，链斗挖掘形式优于射吸式和绞吸式。
3.筛分系统。筛分系统也有多种形式，原矿中石子比较多的，用滚筒筛筛分效果好，石子比较少的，可以用平筛，如果原矿中石子的粒度小于10mm，可以将筛分系统省掉。
4.淘金系统。淘金系统的形式有固定淘金毡溜槽、鼓动式淘金溜槽、自动洗选机加淘金离心机、螺旋溜槽、摇床、淘金汞板等，目前应用多的是鼓动式淘金溜槽和自动洗选机加淘金水套离心机形式，这两种形式结构简单，体积小，便于移动，处理量大，自动化程度高、富集比高（1000:1），净选率达到了90%以上，是目前淘金船和旱地淘金设备的。
5尾砂排出系统：尾砂排出系统有抽砂泵式、溜槽式、传送带式等，一般常用的形式是溜槽式，无动力，维修方便，造价省.
6.动力系统。由于淘金船的自动化程度要求高，电动机成为淘金船的动力，没有电力架设的河道，可以配柴油发电机组.
7.供水系统。淘金作业矿浆的佳浓度在30%左右，供水系统需要持续提供两倍于处理量的工作用水.
淘金船上还有好多的设备协同完成从挖掘到选金到尾砂排出的系统工作，比如提升系统，用于挖沙大臂的起降、绞锚系统，用于淘金船作业的固定、照明系统，用于夜间作业的照明、螺旋桨，提供淘金船的水上自航等，
Gold rush principle:
First of all, the river sand mining system from the water bed out of water, and then enter the screening system for screening, more than 10mm stones into tailing tank, from tailings discharged from the system to far away from the gold rush ship, to ensure that the gold rush ship was not silt, can work continuously. Less than 10mm material from the guiding groove into the system of separation of gold and gold on the basis of Jinsha, sand proportion difference, than the major gold settlement on the pulp bottom, a small proportion of sand and other materials floating in the upper layer with water discharged into the tailings slurry discharge system.
1. floating body. The floating body is usually made up of a component body, two side floating boxes, and a certain distance between the two sides, which not only increases the stability of the gold rush vessel, but also facilitates the disassembly and transportation of the equipment. The floating body length is according to the design depth of dredging, dredging depth increases, the longer the floating body. The width of the floating body is designed according to the working weight of the equipment. Generally speaking, the larger the work load is, the wider the floating body is.
2. mining system. The system is composed of gold mining ship dredging bucket and chain bucket type, shoot Straw and various mining sand pump is composed of injection suction, cutter and sand pump is composed of a cutter suction mining form, according to the installation experience for many years, due to the large proportion of alluvial gold mining form, chain bucket is superior to shoot suction and suction cutter.
3. screening system. The screening system also has a variety of forms, more stone ore, with a roller sieving effect is good, the stones less, can use the flat screen, if the size of ore stones less than 10mm, can be saved and screening system.
4. gold panning system. The system is in the form of gold gold felt fixed chute, chute, agitation type automatic washing machine with gold centrifuge, spiral chute, shaker, mercury gold plate, is currently the most widely used agitation type chute and automatic washing machine and Gold Jacket centrifuge, the two forms of simple structure, small volume, easy to move. Large capacity, high degree of automation, enrichment ratio (1000:1), the net rate reached more than 90%, is currently the gold mining ship and dry equipment preferred.
5 tailings discharge system: tailings discharge system with sand pump, the chute type, belt type, commonly used form is no power, the chute type, convenient maintenance and cost saving.
6. power system. Due to the high degree of automation of the gold rush ship, the motor has become the preferred power of gold rush boats, no power set up the river, can be equipped with diesel generator sets
7. water supply system. The best concentration of gold ore pulp is about 30%, and the water supply system needs to provide two times the amount of working water continuously
There are a lot of gold on board equipment together to complete from the mining system to choose gold tailings to discharge, such as lifting system for landing, ground anchor system of dredging arm, used for fixing and lighting system of Pan boat operations, used for lighting, propeller work at night, for the gold rush ship water from air etc.,
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